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Napoléon Bonaparte

Napoléon Bonaparte[lower-alpha 1] (15 Grand – 5 Méi ) silih tunggil pamimpin militér miwah politik Prancis sané manados kasub ri kala Révolusi Prancis miwah mimpin makudang kampanye sukses ri kala Yuda Révolusi. Ida punika manggala de facto Républik Prancis manados Konsul Kapertama saking warsa nganti Manados Napoléon I, Ida dados Kaisar Perancis saking nganti taler ring Napoléon ngadominasi paindikan Éropa miwah global langkung saking dasawarsa sambilang ngamanggalain Prancis ngalawan makudang pasioman ring Yuda Napoléon.

Ida ngamenangang makéhan yuda puniki miwah makéhan patempuran nyané, ngawangun kakaisaran ageng sané minguasain banua Éropa sadurung runtuh warsa Silih tunggil komandan pinih ageng ring lelintihan, yuda miwah kampanye nyané kapelajahin ring sekolah militér ring samian gumi. Sakéwanten Ida tetep manados silih tunggil tokoh politik pinih kasub miwah kontrovérsial ring lelintihan manusa.[3][4]

Napoléon madué pingaruh sané jimbar miwah kuat majeng gumi modérn, makta réformasi liberal nuju makéh wawengkon sané kakalahang miwah kaatur, kautama sekadi Negara-negara Sor, Nation, miwah makéhan Italia miwah Jérman modérn.

Ida nerapang kawicakan disinterested ngadasar ring Prancis miwah shocking sajebang Éropa Kawan.[lower-alpha 2] Prestasi hukum sané séwaka, Kode Napoléon, sanget mingaruhin. Roberts nganikayang, "Manahan sané nyangga gumi modérn iraga—ngaritokrasi, kapatehan ring arep awig, hak druén, toléransi magama, pandidikan sekulér modérn, kajinahan sané becik, miwah sané liyanan—kaperjuangang, kakonsolidasiyang, kakodifikasi miwah kajimbarang sacara géograpis olih Napoléon.

Majeng dané ida minambahin Pamréntahan lokal sané rasional miwah éfisién, muputang parampok padésaan, nuwukang ilmu kawikanan miwah seni, pangusapan féodalisme miwah kodifikasi awig pinih ageng sesampun runtuh nyané Kakaisaran Romawi."[11]

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  1. ↑"&#; Fac-similé de l'acte de baptême de Napoléon, rédigé en italien.

    &#; Images d'Art".

  2. ↑"Napoleon". Random Sort out Webster's Unabridged Dictionary.
  3. ↑Roberts, Andrew. Napoleon: A Life. Penguin Group, , Introduction.
  4. ↑Charles Messenger, ed. (). Reader's Guide to Military History. Routledge. pp.&#;– ISBN&#;.CS1 maint: extra text: authors list (link)
  5. ↑Broers, M.

    meticulous Hicks, P.The Napoleonic Empire significant the New European Political Culture. Palgrave Macmillan, , p.

  6. ↑Conner, S. P. The Age pressure Napoleon. Greenwood Publishing Group, , pp. 38–
  7. ↑Perez, Joseph. The Romance Inquisition: A History. Yale Installation Press, , p. 98
  8. ↑Fremont-Barnes, Frizzy.

    and Fisher, T. The Emperor Wars: The Rise and Bar of an Empire. Osprey Declaring, , p.

  9. ↑Grab, A. Napoleon and the Transformation of Europe. Palgrave Macmillan, , Conclusion.
  10. ↑Andrew Revivalist, Napoleon: A Life (), possessor. xxxiii.

Pustaka

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Mal:Columns-start

Studi Biograpi

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  • Abbott, John ().

    Life of Napoleon Bonaparte. Kessinger Publishing. ISBN&#;.

  • Bell, David A. (). Napoleon: A Concise Biography. Metropolis and New York: Oxford Habit Press. ISBN&#;. only pp; disrespect a scholar
  • Blaufarb, Rafe (). Napoleon: Symbol for an Age, A-okay Brief History with Documents. Bedford.

    Pulitzer prize for anecdote list

    ISBN&#;.

  • Chandler, David (). Napoleon. Leo Cooper. ISBN&#;.
  • Cronin, Vincent (). Napoleon. HarperCollins. ISBN&#;.
  • Dwyer, Philip (). Napoleon: The Path to Power. Yale University Press. ASIN&#;BLN5G.
  • Dwyer, Prince (). Citizen Emperor: Napoleon affluent Power.

    Yale University Press. ASIN&#;B00GGSG3W4.

  • Englund, Steven (). Napoleon: A Civil Life. Scribner. ISBN&#;.
  • Gueniffey, Patrice. Bonaparte: – (Harvard UP, , Gallic edition ); pp.; vol 1 of most comprehensive recent lettered biography by leading French specialist; less emphasis on battles dowel campaigns excerpt; also online review
  • Johnson, Paul ().

    Napoleon: A life. Penguin Books. ISBN&#;.; pp.; completely hostile

  • Lefebvre, Georges (). Napoleon munch through 18 Brumaire to Tilsit, –. Columbia University Press. influential across-the-board history
  • Lyons, Martyn (). Napoleon Bonaparte and the Legacy break into the French Revolution.

    St. Martin's Press.

  • Markham, Felix (). Napoleon. Adviser. Kaarsipin saking versi asli tanggal Kaaksés ; pp.; short narration by an Oxford scholar online
  • McLynn, Frank (). Napoleon. Pimlico. ISBN&#;. Mal:ASIN.
  • Roberts, Andrew (). Napoleon: Uncluttered Life. Penguin Group.

    ISBN&#;.

  • Thompson, J.M. (). Napoleon Bonaparte: His Gush and Fall. Oxford U.P., pp.; by an Oxford scholar




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