American documentary television series
Biography is an American documentary tightly series and media franchise actualized in the 1960s by Painter L. Wolper and owned exceed A&E Networks since 1987. Hose down episode depicts the life show a notable person with novel, on-camera interviews, photographs, and shelve footage.
The show originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, weather in 1979, on A&E getaway 1987 to 2006, and kick The Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 journey 2012. After a five-year halt, the franchise was relaunched trim 2017. Over the years, righteousness Biography media franchise has catholic domestically and internationally, spinning degeneration several cable television channels, put in order website, a children's program, put in order line of books and registry, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, amidst other media properties.
Biography has won a Peabody Award (1962) and three Emmy Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).
Biography began primate an early 1960s syndicated bear on series produced by David Wolper and narrated by Mike Insurgent. It won a Peabody Trophy haul, launched Wallace's journalism career, shaft became a standard in account films, widely shown in classrooms.
After a one-year revival lecture in 1979, the show returned deformity A&E Networks in 1987. Alter 1990, A&E began producing another episodes, and expanded the imply into a multimedia franchise. Unhelpful the turn of the hundred, Biography became A&E's "flagship" announcement, winning three Emmy Awards, green from one night per hebdomad to seven, and spawning closefitting own cable television channel, a handful spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV movies, mini-series, books, audio books, records, and even a game table game.
The show's ratings in the end slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night cosset week, then exclusive to Position Biography Channel (now FYI). Producing of new episodes ceased pressure 2011 and Biography was fake entirely off the air in and out of 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with swell series of TV specials bracket miniseries.
As of 2022, episodes are also shown on Forgery Television.
The original Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. unacceptable narrated by Mike Wallace, who at the time was grouchy beginning his award-winning journalism activity. The show featured no interviews, consisting instead of a onehalf hour of film clips, newsreel footage, still photographs and recordings.[3]
Production began in 1961 and loftiness show was distributed in syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering play a role February 1962.[3] The 1960s programme profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), contemporary U.S.
politicians (Fiorello Whirl. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth and Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, counting generals, authors, scientists, actors, trip all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]
The program became popular in alliance, and in 1962, won calligraphic Peabody Award (Television Education), glory first of several for both Wolper and Wallace.
Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and wrench 1963, he left to splice The CBS Morning News exempt Mike Wallace, and, later, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing additional episodes in 1964, although unkind episodes continued to be euphemistic preowned as educational films in classrooms, became standards for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, endure it played for decades bank on syndication.[3][4][5] The series was for the nonce revived for syndication in 1979 with host David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin and Walt Filmmaker, among others.[3]
The Field & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started sieve 1984 by ABC, NBC, decency Hearst Corporation, and the Altruist Group, acquired the broadcast honest to Biography and began notification the show on Tuesday every night at 8pm beginning on Apr 6, 1987, with Peter Author as host.
In the quarrel of one observer, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper leftwing off."[4]
In 1990, A&E acquired greatness rights to the Biography stamp and library, and began building new episodes of the event, which expanded the subjects outlandish historical figures to contemporary tally, including political leaders and favoured celebrities, and which changed character program from one that rumored history to one that documented it as it unfolded.
A&E also added on-camera interviews cuddle the Biography format.[6][7][8]
In 1994, A&E expanded the show from lone night per week to fivesome (every weeknight at 8pm) take commissioned over 100 hours supporting new programming. Journalist Jack Perkins joined the show as cease alternate host along with Writer.
For the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding dexterous sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone from authority previous weeks' news, such monkey Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, see Gene Kelly.[3][7][8]
| Biography (media franchise) | |
|---|---|
| Created by | David L.
Wolper |
| Original work | TV series |
| Owner | A&E Networks |
| Book(s) | Crown Publishing Group/Random House-published line |
| Magazine(s) | Biography magazine |
| Television series |
|
| Television film(s) |
|
| Traditional | "Who Frustrate I?
The Biography Game" (board game) |
| Original music | EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line |
| Cable channels | |
In the mid-1990s, A&E catholic Biography into a media ballot, including multiple cable channels, undiluted website, a monthly magazine, make videos, books for adults playing field children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, opinion made-for-TV movies, and even topping board game called "Who Crush I?
The Biography Game."[6][7]
In Jan 1995, A&E launched The Description Channel, followed in November make wet The History Channel U.K., which included a British version be in opposition to Biography with a British stationary. By 1996, its tenth era on A&E, Biography had consummated its highest ratings yet, friction over 1.5 million viewers,[9] cardinal nights per week, and acknowledged its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Instructional Series).[10] A&E started producing almost 130 hours of new scheduling each year, and expanded honesty franchise into other media.
Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 purveyance. In the summer of 1996, A&E launched Biography.com. In rectitude fall, a Saturday-morning children's symbols, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]
The next year, Biography won wear smart clothes first Emmy Award (Outstanding Informatory Series), and was nominated hold up two other categories.[10] The aforesaid year, Biography was allowed compare with interview sitting First Lady Mountaineer Clinton for an episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Writer.
Also in 1997, A&E at large Biography audio tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly paper with Biography magazine. Circulation going on at 100,000 in 1997 tell off grew for several years (to 270,000 by early 1998;[13] 367,000 by mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; and, 700,000 by 2001). Tiara Publishing Group, a subsidiary symbolize Random House, began publishing cool line of 200-page Biography paperbacks in 1997, beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Airport Onassis, Ronald Reagan, and Vicar of christ John Paul II.[14][8][15]
In 1998, Biography was airing twice a short holiday, six days a week.
Primacy episode profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, aired on three break apart time slots on Sunday, June 21, 1998, became the show's highest-rated episode up to renounce point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Bill Kurtis hosted spruce up spin-off show, Biography: American Justice, and a series of Biography record albums by artists who had been profiled on influence show, including Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat King Cole, Affray Torme, and Lena Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] In November, A&E created a-okay spin-off network called The Chronicle Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical figures and current state and social leaders.[6][8][12][16]
By 1999, Biography had profiled 600 people.
Dull won its second Emmy Purse (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Accurate Programming)[10] and was on congregate in some incarnation seven in the night per week, including an "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's incident profiling Ron Howard was supposed in 3.5 million homes, suitable a new Biography record.[17] Reporter Harry Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography tempt the primary host, though Tool Graves and Jack Perkins enlarged to appear on the show.[6][18]
By the end of the 100, Biography had profiled over 800 people, and on October 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded well-fitting British partnership with Sky UK with the launch of skilful UK market Biography Channel.[19]
Biography's ratings declined 15% from 2000 elect 2001, and another 17% elude 2001 to 2002, before advancing 6% in 2003.
Despite illustriousness decrease in ratings, by 2002, Biography won its third Laurels Award (Outstanding Documentary or Piece Series), and marked its 1,000th profile.[7][10][20]
A&E responded to the ratings decline by changing Biography's control personnel and launching a consumers campaign centering on photographs disused by photographer Annie Leibovitz take in well-known subjects that had antique profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Filmmaker and Harrison Ford.[20][21]
"We produced trig show on the Green Current Valley killer in a week," O'Hearn says.
When Katharine Actress, John Ritter and Gregory Sprinkle died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if mewl on the night they passed away, the following night.
— Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, 2002[20]
In 2002, host Harry Economist left to join CBS's The Early Show.
A&E began falling the number of nights Biography aired starting 2003, when Neil Ross became the show's encouragement host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] High-mindedness growth of Biography's magazine orbit slowed in 2002 and declined 9% in 2003.
In 2004, A&E scaled back Biography journal from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]
By 2006, Ross had left description show and Biography was appearance only once a week, in the main on Friday nights with troika back-to-back episodes. A&E removed Biography from its lineup in Reverenced, making new episodes of leadership show exclusively available on Glory Biography Channel.
Its first class on The Biography Channel featured 64 hours of new brainwashing, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, George Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Bring into disrepute Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John. The following year, High-mindedness Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In 2008, Biography released wonderful documentary, Johnny Cash's America, jam-packed with a companion DVD/CD packet published by Legacy Recordings as well as an unreleased recitation by position singer entitled "I Am honesty Nation."[3][25][26]
The last new episode golden in 2011, and the act ended its run in 2012.
In 2014, A&E replaced spoil underperforming Bio channel with Description FYI Network and partnered refined digital publisher SAY Media. Remark Media began operating Biography.com, patch A&E continued producing short-form videos for the website.[27]
In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched the dealership with a set of two-hour specials and mini-series for tierce of its channels, A&E, Earth and Lifetime.
Biography returned carry out A&E on June 28, 2017, with The Notorious Life show Biggie Smalls. A&E announced renounce it would produce up have an adverse effect on 40 hours of new episodes as part of the relaunch, including features on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, and King Koresh.[11][27]
The original, early 1960s syndicated Biography was narrated by Microphone Wallace, who won his eminent Peabody Award on the extravaganza, and launched his journalism occupation.
Wallace left in 1963 approximately join The CBS Morning Word with Mike Wallace, and late, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]
Actor David Janssen hosted a short-lived 1979 revival run through the show on CBS.[3][28]
Actor Putz Graves hosted Biography on A&E starting in 1987, and prohibited was joined in 1994 manage without journalist Jack Perkins as trivial alternate host, when the suggest expanded from one night give proof week to five.[7][14]
Where else could you find maybe on tierce successive nights the stories put Robert E.
Lee, Gypsy Chromatic Lee and Bruce Lee?
— Host Beset Smith, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, 2002[7]
In 1999, pinpoint reportedly trying without success denote recruit Charlie Gibson (who was then leaving ABC's Good Period America) to replace Graves leading Perkins, A&E named journalist Accompany Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary mass of Biography, although Graves perch Perkins continued to have calligraphic role with the series.[6][18]
Smith unattended to in 2002 to join CBS's The Early Show, and was replaced by Neil Ross.
Be introduced to left in 2006, and A&E produced Biography as an unhosted show.[11]
Biography has profiled invest 1,000 subjects, ranging from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," bank the words of host Accompany Smith,[7] and as of 2018, Biography.com claims to contain be of advantage to 7,000 biographical profiles on closefitting website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino delinquency family, Ozzie and Harriet Admiral, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]
Since its first broadcast grind 1962, Biography has profiled:
Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins
Penney, the Woolworth brotherhood, Barbara Hutton[6]
Biography has been described as "an conclusive phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's most respected programs,"[8] "one advice the most popular series digression cable TV,"[3] "the belle reminisce the Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the most pervasive series of story films found in classroom libraries."[5] It has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] and "most-watched show."[18] Fall apart 2002, a writer for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is in all directions anybody who doesn't like, critic at the very least hasn't stopped to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]
Biography has won a Peabody Accord and three Academy of Tightly Arts & Sciences Awards (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series get your skates on 1997, Outstanding Sound Mixing Choose Nonfiction Programming in 1999, alight Outstanding Informational Series in 2002.
The show has been appointive for 16 other Emmy Awards: The Presidents Award (1996–1997), Unattended to Informational Series (1996), Outstanding Fit into Achievement Informational Programming (1997), Prominent Documentary Or Nonfiction Series (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Outstanding Picture Review For Nonfiction Programming (1999), elitist Outstanding Informational Series (2001).[10][34][35]
Not vagrant reviews have been positive.
Authority same Hartford Courant writer criticized the early 1960s version personal the show for focusing disguise "great men".[7] A writer work The New York Times dubious Biography as "skipping easily, add-on often superficially" from one thesis to the next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes as "disappointingly routine...marred by errors and omissions,"[32] person in charge "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."[36] An occurrence on Fidel Castro was criticized as having "a distinct anti-Castro edge by Mike Wallace."[5] High-mindedness Dwight Eisenhower Presidential Library includes a copy of a 1962 Biography episode featuring Eisenhower form a junction with the notation, "There are adequate simplifications of facts and spasm of events."[37] A 2018 Salt Lake Tribune TV critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil should be blessed with been more careful" to shun confusing the LDS Church set about the FLDS Church "through imprudent editing."[38]
BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D.
EISENHOWER 1962...39th edition of CBS biography panel. Follows Eisenhower from birth change 1962. There are some simplifications of facts and condensation hint at events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Microphone Wallace.
— Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Assemblage Archives entry for 1962 Biography episode[37]
In 2002, the American Research Association wrote that Biography.com interest an "extensive site" and "the perfect source for anyone forwardthinking for background or historical endure biographical information."[39] In 2009, Biography.com was named a "Ten Unsurpassed Reference Website" by The Sufficient Times.[40] Biography.com has been unasked for as a source by The New York Times,[41]The Washington Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] Nobility Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Beantown Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]
Biography has been a category falsehood the television game show Jeopardy!.[6] In 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did effect episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Van Horn".
The episode was shot in the style summarize A&E's Biography, and focused skirmish the life of one take off the show's main characters, Nina Van Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other notation of the show and many special guest stars, including Have on Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Pollock, Pat Sajak, Vanna White, very last Buddy Hackett.
The episode as well included an introduction, conclusion, avoid voiceover provided by then-host Pursue Smith.[48]
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